aluminiyam sheet coil ukukhuphisana ngentsimbi

Intsimbi ibisoloko iyeyona nto iphambili kwimveliso yeemoto.Kodwa noluntu ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nelizwi lokonga amandla liya likhula, umgaqo-nkqubo wokusetyenziswa kwamafutha welizwe uthande ukuqina, abathengi nabo babeka phambili iimfuno eziphakamileyo zokhuseleko lwezithuthi, nto leyo enyanzelise ukuba funa izinto zokwakha isithuthi esomeleleyo kunye nekhaphukhaphu.Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ephezulu yokuqina kulindeleke ukuba kuphakame malunga ne-15 yepesenti yobunzima bezithuthi ngo-2020, ngokutsho kwengxelo yeziko lophando lweemoto.Ngo-2040, eso sabelo siya kuwela ngokuthe ngcembe. phantse i-5 pesenti, xa ezinye izinto ezikhaphukhaphu ziya kuba nendawo kwishishini lezinto zeemoto.

Ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sobunzima kunye nokumelana nokugqwesa okungcono kunempahla ekrwada yentsimbi, i-aluminium yakha yabeka isoyikiso kwintsimbi yemoto. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu le-aluminium kunye nobunzima bokuvelisa kunye nokugcinwa kweenkqubo, abaninzi abavelisi beemoto bakhetha buyisela intsimbi eqhelekileyo kunye nentsimbi yekhabhoni ephezulu. Ngoko ke, umdlalo phakathi kwentsimbi kunye ne-aluminiyam udlalwa.Kwiforum yeemoto kunye nokusingqongileyo ebanjwe kutshanje, iingcali kumashishini afana no-wang li, umphandi oyintloko weziko lophando lwe-baosteel, u-zhu qiang, unjingalwazi ongusihlalo weyunivesithi yasemzantsi yesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, U-Chen shuming, unjingalwazi weyunivesithi yase-jilin, i-zhang haitao njalo njalo uxoxe "ngokhuphiswano lwentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium" kwitafile ejikelezayo.

Intsimbi inamandla amakhulu osetyenziso kunye nenzuzo yeendleko

Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwentsimbi yeemoto, intsimbi yeemoto ayikho kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo ingcamango yabantu abaninzi bentsimbi ye-carbon ephantsi, ngoku i-automotive steel plate iyancipha, kodwa amandla ensimbi kunye nokumelana nomhlwa kuye kwaphuculwa kakhulu. izinto eziphathekayo, amashishini amaninzi okuvelisa isinyithi aphuhlisa ngamandla intsimbi ekhaphukhaphu kunye nephezulu enamandla ekwazi ukukhuphisana ne-aluminium alloy kunye nezinye izinto.Ngokomanani, i-euro ye-212 nje yeendleko ezongezelelweyo ngesithuthi ngasinye sentsimbi ephezulu iyafuneka ukuze kuphunyezwe ukulahleka kwesisindo kunye namafutha. ukonga malunga ne-5%.

Yintoni imeko yangoku kunye nesicelo amandla aphezulu entsimbi kwimarike yemoto yaseTshayina? Wang li wahlalutya oku, wathi intsimbi yemoto yangoku kwiinzame eziqhubekayo zokunciphisa ubunzima, "esebenzisa iteknoloji eninzi, enye ye igalelo yintsimbi yamandla aphezulu.Kwiminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo okanye kunjalo, kubekho iprojekthi iiisa apho i-baosteel ibithatha inxaxheba. Ukuba iintsimbi zentsimbi ziyaqhubeka zisebenzisa intsimbi ngokuphuhlisa izinto ezintsha, yintoni enokwenzeka yentsimbi?Ukutyhubela iminyaka emininzi kangaka yophuhliso, ingcebiso yokugqibela okanye iteknoloji kwiplanti yemoto, enye kukuphuhlisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zentsimbi ephezulu yamandla endleleni, okwesibini kukuphuhlisa iteknoloji eninzi yokuvelisa, kwaye kwangaxeshanye yazisa ingcamango yomjikelezo wobomi obupheleleyo.Umzekelo, uphuhliso lwamva nje lwemoto yombane, ukunciphisa ubunzima bomzimba ukuya kuma-40%. ngamandla aphezulu entsimbi amandla aphezulu, ngaphezu kwe-1000 mpa ye-40%, kuphela i-5% yintsimbi ethambileyo, intsimbi ngokusebenzisa amandla alo mandla isenkulu kakhulu.

"Ukususela kwidatha yokuthengisa ye-baosteel, ii-brand ze-China ezizimeleyo zibalelwa kwi-41% yokusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ephezulu ngo-2017, kwaye ngaphezu kwe-28 yezigidi ze-European, Japanese, American and Korean self-owned cars zathengiswa. Izinto ezibonelelwa nge-baosteel zinomgangatho ophezulu, kwaye umgangatho wethu wesizwe uya kuba ngaphantsi kancinane kuneli nqanaba.Umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ephezulu ufikelela kumyinge we-42-45% ukusuka kwidatha yethu kunyaka odlulileyo, omele ukuba ephantsi, kunye ne-60-70% ngaphandle. Lo msantsa lithuba lethu.”

Ukhuphiswano phakathisheet aluminiyamkunye nentsimbi, inzuzo ebalaseleyo ye-aluminium kukuxinaniswa okuphantsi, kunye nokufezekisa ukunciphisa ubunzima bomzimba, ngokuhambelana nomlinganiseloyentsimbi, imfuneko yokubhitya ipleyiti yentsimbi.Nangona amashiti entsimbi aqhelekile aqhele ukuba phakathi kwe-0.7 kunye ne-0.75mm ubukhulu, amashiti anamhlanje aqine kakhulu yi-0.65mm kuphela okanye abencinci, kwaye ibhonethi entsha ye-opel seferli yi-0.6mm ubukhulu.

Ngokutsho kukaWang li, “ukuba umxhuzulane okhethekileyo wentsimbi awutshintshwa, ubunzima bunokuncitshiswa kuphela bube mncinci, kodwa ukuxinana kunokulungiswa. Ngoku sinombono omtsha wokwenza, oko kukulungelelanisa ubuninzi bentsimbi.Inzuzo ye-aluminium kukuxinaniswa okuphantsi, ukhuphiswano kwinqanaba elithile ndingasebenzisa inzuzo yakho ukulungisa ubuninzi bam.Siphakamise imodyuli ye-elastic yensimbi , kwaye ngoku kwi-lab.Inqaku elinye endifuna ukuyenza kukuba ngenxa yokuba insimbi ngokwayo ihlala ingatshintshi kwisiseko soshishino olukhoyo lweshishini, kusekho indawo eninzi yokutsha. Ukusuka kulo mbono, intsimbi isenamandla athile, kunye nesabelo sayo semarike.Ukuba imoto ithengisa ngaphezu kwe-yuan ye-200,000, iya kusebenzisa izinto ezininzi. Ukuba imoto ithengiswa nge-yuan eyi-100,000, isasebenzisa intsimbi.”

Kodwa ingxaki yeendleko iphinda ibe ezinye izinto ezithatha indawo yesikhundla esiphambili somzimba wentsimbi enzima. UShu-ming Chen uthe, "phantsi kwendlela yokukhanya kwemoto, nangona ngoku wonke umntu esenza izinto ezikhanyayo, ezifana ne-aluminium alloy, i-magnesium alloy kunye nezinye. izinto ezikhaphukhaphu ezidityanisiweyo, amandla aphezulu entsimbi okanye kwindawo ephambili yomzimba, kodwa ndicinga ukuba ezona zinto ziphambili ziindleko, ndiyakholelwa ukuba ixabiso le-carbon fiber, i-carbon fiber iya kuthatha indawo enokwenzeka, akunakwenzeka, isitshixo ngoku sixabisa. iphezulu kakhulu, intsimbi okwangoku inenzuzo enkulu yeendleko.”

Ukongeza kwiindleko, kuluhlu lwamandla okuhlangabezana nemfuno, inkqubo elungileyo nelula yokuyila nayo iba sisizathu sokuba kube nzima ukutshintshwa intsimbi.” Ngokwembono yophuhliso, ukomelela kwentsimbi yenqwelo hayi phezulu kakhulu. I-1000 mpa yanele.Intsimbi yamandla aphezulu ngoku ikakhulu ikhabhoni ukomeleza, abaninzi baye benza i-2200 mpa, kodwa ngaphezulu kwe-2200 mpa, iya kuvelisa i-mutation, okanye i-2200-2500 mpa carbon ukomeleza ngokusisiseko akunakwenzeka. ezinye izinto ezithatha indawo yekhabhoni, amandla aya kuba phezulu nangaphezulu, kodwa akunyanzelekanga ukuba asetyenziswe emotweni, anokusetyenziswa kwezinye iindawo zamandla aphezulu. Kwimoto, sinokhetho olubanzi lwentsimbi phantsi kwe-1000 mpa, ephantsi. iindleko kunye nenkqubo entle kakhulu yokwenza, ngoko kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukutshintsha intsimbi kwilizwe lethu okwethutyana. "

Kwaye ukusuka kwiipropati zesakhiwo sentsimbi ngokwayo, inokulungiswa okulungileyo. UZhu qiang wabonisa ukuba intsimbi ngokwayo kunye nokuguqulwa kwesigaba ineenzuzo ezithile kwezinye izicelo. iyakwazi ukulungiswa lula, into enzima kakhulu kwii-composites okanye i-aluminium.Ngokomzekelo, i-aluminium i-alloy composite material, ukuba umngxuma uphukile, ukulungiswa okusisiseko siqhekeza sonke sokutshintshwa, iindleko nazo ziphezulu, oku kubuthathaka ialuminiyam ngokwayo xa ithelekiswa nentsimbi.

Aluminiyam ingxubevangeixesha lophuhliso wadibana phambi Wolf emva ingwe

Amanani abonisa ukuba kuthatha iikhilogram ezingama-725 zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kunye neekhilogram ezingama-350 zensimbi enesitampu ukwenza umyinge wemoto ephakathi. Ngokwahlukileyo, ubunzima be-aluminiyam kwimoto yaseYurophu bunyuke ukusuka kwi-50kg ngo-1990 ukuya kwi-131.5kg ngo-2005, kunye uninzi lusasetyenziswa kwi-injini yangaphakathi kunye neebhloko ze-cylinder kunye ne-rising.Aluminium nayo idumile kwiimoto kuba ingaphantsi kwesiqingatha sobunzima bentsimbi, izinto ezisetyenziselwa ukwenza intsimbi, kwaye inokumelana nokukhula okungcono kunentsimbi.

Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa kwe-aluminium ialloy ukwenza umzimba wemodeli ibe yinto eninzi.Ukusukela ekuzalweni kwayo ngo-1994, i-audi A8 iye yamkela yonke i-aluminiyam isithuba sesakhelo sesakhiwo somzimba, kunye ne-Model S yaphuhliswa kwaye yenziwa nguTesla. Kwakhona yamkela umzimba we-aluminiyam yonke. Emva komgca wemveliso ye-aluminiyam ye-cherry jaguar land rover e-changshu, iphondo laseJiangsu lafakwa kwimveliso,imoto yokuqala yasekhaya, entsha jaguar XFL aluminiyam ingxubevange yesicelo semathiriyeli isantya yafikelela 75%.I nobelis RC5754 high-amandla aluminiyam ingxubevange esetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zejaguar XFL's amalungu omzimba inesivuno 105-145 Mpa, a tensile amandla 220 Mpa. , kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kumandla, ukuxhathisa i-corrosion, ukudibanisa kunye nesantya sokubumba.

"Ngoku ngakumbi nangakumbi i-aluminium isetyenziselwa iimoto, ngakumbi kwiindawo ze-chassis, ngaphezu komzimba, ngoku iimoto ezininzi ziyaqhubeka nokuhamba kule ndlela. Kukho iingxaki kwi-aluminiyam yonke isakhelo, kodwa zisetyenzwa. . "UZhang haitao, umphandi kwiyunivesithi yasesoochow, wathi, "kutheni usebenzise zonke iifreyimu ze-aluminiyam? Ixabiso lokuqala liphantsi kakhulu, ixabiso lemoto encinane linokuba ngamawaka ambalwa eeyuan kwifreyimu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyilo lwecandelo. inzima kakhulu, kwaye ukugoba kwe-aluminiyam kunye nokuqina kwe-torsional kungcono kunentsimbi.

Ukongeza, i-aluminium inokubuyiselwa kwezixhobo ezingcono kunye nomjikelezo wobomi obude kune-steel.Zhu qiang uthe, "izinga lokulahleka kwe-aluminium liyi-5 kuphela kwi-10 yeepesenti. Ukuba intsimbi iyaruswa, kunzima kakhulu ukuyibuyisela. I-alloys ye-aluminium ineenzuzo ekuhambeni kwexesha elide.Ukuba amavili ane-aluminium, ngoku sinemvumelwano yokuba amavili e-aluminium alloy kufuneka abe ngcono kunentsimbi, kuba intsimbi kulula ukuyibamba i-rust, i-aluminium alloy scraping ayinamsebenzi, le ntsimbi yokusebenza ayikho. indlela yokuthelekisa, ukusebenza komxube we-aluminiyam kulo mba kunenzuzo eyodwa.” Ukongeza, umjikelo wobomi obude nawo ubalulekile kushishino lweemoto, kwaye imveliso nganye kufuneka iyilwe kucingwa ngomjikelo wobomi obude. I-aluminiyam nayo inenzuzo kule nkalo. "

UZhu qiang ukwathe ukwakhiwa kwealluminiyam kuntsonkothile, indlela yokuphinda kusetyenziswe ukuhlelwa kwakhona kuyingxaki. zahluliwe, kuthatha umzamo omkhulu ukuzidibanisa, kwaye kuthatha umzamo omkhulu ukuze bahlukane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusebenza kakuhle kokubuyisela akuphezulu, kwaye ngakolunye uhlangothi, akulula ukulawula.Ngaphezu koko, kukho imiba emininzi echaphazelekayo ekuhlaziyweni kwe-aluminium, njengokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa, ukulungiswa kwe-aluminium efanelekileyo kunokusetyenziswa. ukwenza into engabalulekanga, ebeya kuba zizinto ezilungileyo ziphela ngexabiso eliphantsi. "

Ngokweempawu zokudinwa kwezixhobo, ialuminiyam iyingozi ngakumbi kunentsimbi, kwaye ukusetyenzwa kulinganiselwe. materials.Aluminiyam oxidation umthamo womelele kakhulu, ezi ziphene zinempembelelo enkulu ngokwentelekiso ukusebenza ukudinwa kwamacandelo, kulula kakhulu ukuba uhambe wrong.Intsimbi ayinaoxidize kakhulu kwaye iziphene zayo zinefuthe eliphantsi ngokwentelekiso ekusebenzeni kokudinwa.”Zhu qiang uthe, “ngokubunjwa kuphela akunakuba ngamacandelo antsonkothileyo, ukubunjwa kufuneka kusetyenzwe, kungenjalo akunakuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo lwesakhiwo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho iindidi ezimbini zokubumba, nokuba kukuyeka ukulungelelaniswa kwesakhiwo okanye ukusetyenzwa kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, xa umphezulu we-aluminium alloy wonakalisiwe, ukusebenza kokukhathala kuya kuncipha, kwaye iindleko ziya kuphinda ziphakame.Ezi ziingxaki ezidinga ukunqotshwa yi-alloys ye-aluminium, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukubuyisela intsimbi emva kokusombulula ezi ngxaki.

Kwi-chassis yeemoto, i-aluminiyam ithathe indawo yentsimbi, kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje kunye nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe bentsimbi, i-chassis steel iye yazisa isisombululo esitsha. ngoku ukuya ku-780 mpa ngoku ungenza ingalo yentsimbi yentsimbi, ingaphantsi kwe-10 ekhulwini ubunzima kune-aluminiyam, ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu.Kukwakho ikhonkco phakathi kwamavili amabini anzima kakhulu, kwaye ngoku siye savelisa iteknoloji entsha enciphisa. ubunzima ngama-40 ekhulwini kwaye isombulule ingxaki yomhlwa ngokusebenzisa iingubo, kunye nentsimbingokwayo iyaphucuka.Ngoku intsimbi kunye ne-aluminiyam ziyakhuphisana ukukhuthazana, ngoko kukho iinketho ezininzi kwiinkampani zemoto, kwaye ngaloo ndlela uphuhliso. "

Enyanisweni, i-aluminiyam yemoto yangoku iye yangena kwinqanaba phambi kwe-Wolf emva kwe-tiger.Abavelisi bentsimbi yangaphambili ngokusebenzisa ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza, ngoku isinyithi ngaphandle kwe-nickel sinokufikelela kwi-rust, ngelixa i-alloy ye-magnesium yokugqibela, i-carbon fiber kunye nezinye izinto ezineendleko eziphantsi. kunye nokusebenza okuphuculweyo, baye benza impembelelo kwimarike aluminiyam. Zhu qiang wabonisa, "ingxubevange aluminiyam ukwenza kakuhle kuphela uphuhliso olukhawulezayo, kuba intsimbi sele isenza iminyaka emininzi kangaka ukuba endaweni kunzima, aluminiyam kufuneka ibe kushishino njengoko. ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, akuyi kutshintshwa lula kamva, imingeni ye-aluminiyam yemoto yangoku kunye namathuba akhoyo.

Intsimbi - i-aluminium hybrid body structure yindlela

Okwangoku, ngakumbi nangakumbi iinjineli zokuvelisa iimoto zinika ingqwalasela ngakumbi kwi-hybrid application yezixhobo ezikhaphukhaphu. Ugxininiso lwabo lophando kunye nophuhliso alukho kuphela kumlinganiselo othile wentsimbi yeemoto kunye ne-aluminiyam, kodwa nakwindlela yokuxuba izinto ezahlukeneyo ngokufanelekileyo. Kulo nyaka uphelileyo kumboniso wemoto waseFrankfurt kwi-audi entsha A8 iye yaba yi-audiyo ye-aluminiyam yodidi lwesakhelo sonke. isakhiwo somzimba iteknoloji entsha kunye nokuphuculwa, ishiywe i-audi ibisoloko inebhongo kuwo wonke umzimba we-aluminium, i-aluminium ingxubevange ye-slope ukuya kwi-58%, ukongeza kwisazisi, kwizinto zomzimba zongezwa izinto ezidibeneyo, umzimba uphantse ube yi-51 kilogram. inzima kunemodeli yemali, ngeemodeli ze-A8 ze-236 kg "ubunzima obuchaseneyo ukuya kuma-282 kg.

Isizukulwana esitsha se-audi A8 samkela i-aluminium alloy ukwakha isakhelo sonke somzimba. Ukuqinisekisa amandla olwakhiwo, ii-aluminium castings zisetyenziswa kumalungu aphambili kunye namacandelo esinyithi asetyenziswa kumphezulu womzimba. Kwisakhiwo sekheji yekhabhinethi yomzimba, inani elikhulu lezinto ezishushu ezenza intsimbi ephezulu yamandla aphezulu, ingaphezulu lee kuneyangoku. I-A8 yamandla aphezulu ensimbi kuphela ekusetyenzisweni kwekholamu ye-B, izinto eziphezulu zensimbi kunye neminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo xa kuthelekiswa nentsimbi, ukuqina kwanda ngamaxesha angama-5, ubunzima buncitshiswe ngama-40%. izinto ezihlanganisiweyo zisetyenziselwa ngasemva kwemoto, enciphisa ubunzima bomzimba kwiinkcukacha ezifana nepaneli yangasemva.

“Kwixesha elizayo, i-aluminiyam iza kusetyenziswa ngakumbi nangakumbi kuwo wonke umzimba weemoto, kwaye kuya kubakho imizimba emininzi exutyiweyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-audi A8 i-aluminium umzimba nayo iqala ukwenza imizimba ye-hybridi, kwaye ngoku iinkampani ezininzi zeemoto zasekhaya zilandela i-suit.Ingxaki ephambili yentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium yokudibanisa i-corrosion resistance, kunye ne-gluing, kunye ne-tether, ngaphandle kwe-welding.Umzimba ophezulu wenziwa yentsimbi kunye nomzimba ophantsi wenziwa nge-aluminium.Ngokomzekelo, ifestile yefestile ye-Beijing yemoto yenziwe ngentsimbi phezulu kunye ne-aluminium phantsi.Akunjalo ukuba insimbi imbi, kodwa ndicinga ukuba kuthembisa ngakumbi ukuxuba insimbi kunye ne-aluminium. "Utshilo uZhang haitao.

Kule nkalo, u-wang li uphinde wabonisa ukuba ngokwenene, ekuqaleni kwe-1940 xa kwakukho ukhuphiswano lwentsimbi kunye ne-aluminium, emva kweminyaka emininzi yophuhliso, ngoku izixhobo zemoto ziye zafikelela kwisivumelwano esithile, zizinto ezifanelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwindawo efanelekileyo. .Kwaye intsimbi ngokwayo ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokukhuphisana kunye nentsebenziswano.Kwaye olu khuphiswano lunenzuzo ngakumbi ekuphuhliseni amashishini eemoto, kuba ubukho bokhuphiswano lwamashishini eemoto bunokuba nokukhetha okuninzi.Ukujonga kwixesha elizayo, izithuthi zamandla amatsha zinokuba phezulu. iimfuno ezilula.

Isicwangciso-qhinga se "impawu ezizimeleyo kufuneka zibe khaphukhaphu, intsimbi elungileyo kunye namandla ayo ayikancinci, ngokusebenzisa iimveliso ezidityanisiweyo kunye nomlinganiselo wentsimbi ephezulu kwaye kulula kakhulu ukufikelela kwi-10% yelahleko yomzimba omhlophe, ngokusebenzisa iinzame zezinye isithuthi ziyehla 7% 8% inokwenzeka, isazisikwinxalenye yobugcisa obuphambili bunokufikelela emzimbeni ngaphandle kotshintsho olungaphezulu kwe-10%. "Ngobunye ubugcisa obutsha kunye nobuchule, ngaphezu kwama-20 eepesenti ukwehla kobunzima kunokuphunyezwa. Siye sahlalutya iimodeli ezininzi zeempawu zethu, kunye namandla isenkulu. Umsantsa yinkuthazo yethu