Hoʻopili ʻia nā kaʻa kaʻa kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea alumini. Hele kekahi mau laina kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe ma waena o nā ʻāina maloʻo me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me 30 a 40 degere Celsius. Hana ʻia kekahi mau mea hana, nā lako, a me nā lako ola ma nā moku noiʻi Antarctic mai nā mea alumini a pono e pale i nā mahana ma lalo o 60 a 70 degere Celsius. ʻO nā moku ukana Kina e holo ana mai ka Arctic a hiki i ʻEulopa, hoʻohana pū kekahi i kekahi mau mea hana i hana ʻia mai nā mea alumini, a ʻo kekahi o ia mea e ʻike ʻia i nā wela haʻahaʻa ma lalo o 50 a 60 degere Celsius. Hiki iā lākou ke hana maʻamau i loko o ia ʻano anu? ʻAʻohe pilikia, ʻaʻole makaʻu nā alumini alumini a me nā mea alumini i ke anuanu a me ka wela.

ʻO nā alumini a me nā alumini he mau mea haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maikaʻi loa. ʻAʻole lākou e hōʻike i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e like me ke kila maʻamau a i ʻole nickel alloys, e hōʻike ana i ka emi nui o ka ikaika a me ka ductility i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Eia naʻe, ʻokoʻa nā alumini a me nā alumini. ʻAʻole lākou e hōʻike i kekahi ʻano o ka palupalu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻonui nui ʻia kā lākou mau waiwai mechanical a pau i ka emi ʻana o ka mahana. He kūʻokoʻa kēia i ka haku ʻana o ka mea, inā he alumini alumini a i ʻole alumini alumini, pauda metallurgy alloy, a i ʻole mea hoʻohui. He kūʻokoʻa nō hoʻi ia i ke kūlana o ka mea, inā paha i loko o ke ʻano i hana ʻia a i ʻole ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela. ʻAʻole pili ia i ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau ingot, inā i hana ʻia e ka hoʻolei ʻana a me ka ʻōwili ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻolei ʻana a me ka ʻōwili mau ʻana. ʻAʻole pili ia i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe alumini, me ka electrolysis, carbon thermal reduction, a me ka hoʻoiho kemika. Hoʻopili kēia i nā pae a pau o ka maʻemaʻe, mai ka alumini kaʻina me 99.50% a i ka 99.79% ka maʻemaʻe, ka alumini maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe me 99.80% a i ka 99.949% ka maʻemaʻe, ka alumini super-purity me 99.950% a i ka 99.9959% ka maʻemaʻe, ka alumini maʻemaʻe loa me 99.99%. i 99.9990% maʻemaʻe, a me ultra-high-purity alumini me ka maʻemaʻe 99.9990%. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ʻelua mau metala māmā ʻē aʻe, ka magnesium a me ka titanium, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hōʻike i ka brittleness haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano mechanical o nā alumini alumini no nā kaʻa kaʻa holo kiʻekiʻe a me ko lākou pilina me ka mahana ma ka papa ma lalo.

Hoʻohana nā kaʻa kaʻa holo kiʻekiʻe i nā mea alumini e like me Al-Mg series 5005 alloy plates, 5052 alloy plates, 5083 alloy plates, a me nā profiles; Al-Mg-Si moʻo 6061 nā pā a me nā ʻaoʻao, 6N01 nā ʻaoʻao pili, 6063 nā ʻaoʻao pili; Al-Zn-Mg moʻo 7N01 nā pā a me nā kiʻi kiʻi, 7003 nā mea hoʻohui. Hele mai lākou ma nā mokuʻāina maʻamau: O, H14, H18, H112, T4, T5, T6.

Mai ka ʻikepili i ka papaʻaina, ʻike ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o nā waiwai mechanical o nā alumini alumini i ka emi ʻana o ka mahana. No laila, ʻo ka alumini kahi mea hoʻolālā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahie haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ke wai hydrogen, oxygen wai) nā pahu, nā moku lawe kaʻa wai kūlohelohe (LNG) a me nā pahu kai, nā pahu huahana kemika haʻahaʻa, mālama anu. , nā kaʻa kaʻa hau, a me nā mea hou aku.

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea hana o nā kaʻaahi holo kiʻekiʻe e holo ana ma ka Honua, me ke kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana locomotive, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alumini alumini. ʻAʻohe pono e noiʻi i kahi alumini alumini hou no nā hale kaʻa e hana ana ma nā wahi frigid. Eia naʻe, inā hiki ke kūkulu ʻia kahi huila 6XXX hou me ka hana ma kahi o 10% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 6061 alloy a i ʻole 7XXX alloy me ka hana holoʻokoʻa ma kahi o 8% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 7N01 alloy hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻia, he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia.

A laila, e kūkākūkā kākou i nā ʻano hoʻomohala o nā alumini alumini kaʻa.

I ka curhoʻolimalima a mālama i nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa, hoʻohana ʻia nā papa alloy e like me 5052, 5083, 5454, a me 6061, me nā profile extruded e like me 5083, 6061, a me 7N01. Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau mea hoʻohui hou e like me 5059, 5383, a me 6082. Hōʻike lākou a pau i ka weldability maikaʻi loa, me nā uea kuʻi maʻamau he 5356 a i ʻole 5556 mau ala. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka friction stir welding (FSW) ke ʻano i makemake ʻia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka welding kiʻekiʻe akā e hoʻopau pū i ka pono o nā uwea welding. ʻO ka huila 7N01 o Iapana, me kona haku mele Mn 0.200.7%, Mg 1.02.0%, a me Zn 4.0 ~ 5.0% (nā mea a pau i %), ua loaʻa ka hoʻohana ākea i ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa. Ua hoʻohana ʻo Kelemania i nā pā hao 5005 no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao no nā kaʻa Trans Rapid kiʻekiʻe a hoʻohana i 6061, 6063, a me 6005 nā mea hoʻokuʻi ʻia no nā kiʻi. I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻo Kina a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i hoʻopili nui i kēia mau alloys no ka hana kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe.

Aluminum Alloys no na kaa ma 200km/h~350km/h

Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā alumini alumini e pili ana i ka wikiwiki o ka hana o nā kaʻaahi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā huila o ka hanauna mua no nā kaʻa me ka wikiwiki ma lalo o 200km/h a he mau mea hoʻohui maʻamau i hoʻohana mua ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa kūlanakauhale, e like me 6063, 6061, a me 5083 alloys. Hoʻohana ʻia nā alumini alumini lua o ka hanauna e like me 6N01, 5005, 6005A, 7003, a me 7005 no ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻa o nā kaʻa kaʻa kiʻekiʻe me ka wikiwiki mai 200km/h a 350km/h. ʻO nā huila ʻekolu o nā hanauna he 6082 a me nā alumini alumini scandium.

Nā Aluminum Aluminum Scandium

ʻO Scandium kekahi o nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe palaoa maikaʻi loa no ka alumini a ua manaʻo ʻia he mea koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā waiwai alumini alumini. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka maʻiʻo Scandium ma mua o 0.5% i loko o nā alumini alumini, a ʻo nā ʻāpana i loaʻa i ka scandium i hui pū ʻia he alumini-scandium alloys (Al-Sc alloys). Hāʻawi nā Al-Sc alloys i nā mea maikaʻi e like me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ductility maikaʻi, weldability maikaʻi loa, a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā noi like ʻole, me nā moku, nā kaʻa aerospace, nā reactors, a me nā lako pale, e hana ana iā lākou i hanauna hou o nā alumini alumini kūpono no nā hale kaʻa kaʻa.

Aluminum Foam

Hōʻike ʻia nā kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe e nā ukana axle māmā, ka wikiwiki pinepine a me ka deceleration, a me nā hana overloaded, e koi ana i ke ʻano o ke kaʻa e like me ka māmā i ka wā e hālāwai ai me ka ikaika, rigidity, palekana, a me nā koi hōʻoluʻolu. ʻIke loa, ʻo ka ikaika kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe o ka pahu alumini ultra-light, modulus kikoʻī, a me nā hiʻohiʻona damping kiʻekiʻe e kūlike me kēia mau koi. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi haole a me ka loiloi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pahu alumini i nā kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe e loaʻa ana i ka 35% a i ka 40% kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka ikehu ma mua o nā paipu ʻole a 40% a 50% ka piʻi ʻana o ka ikaika flexural. ʻO kēia ka mea i ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā kia kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana a emi ʻole ka hiolo. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻūhā alumini no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ikehu ma ka ʻāpana pale mua o ka locomotive e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki ke hoʻopili i ka hopena. ʻO nā panela Sandwich i hana ʻia me 10mm mānoanoa alumini foam a me nā ʻāpana alumini lahilahi he 50% māmā ma mua o nā papa kila kumu aʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoʻoleʻa e 8 mau manawa.